With the acceleration of urbanization, traffic safety management has become particularly important. Traffic accidents not only threaten people’s safety, but also seriously affect the traffic efficiency of cities. In order to effectively improve the level of traffic management and reduce the occurrence of traffic accidents, various advanced technological means have been introduced into the traffic monitoring system. Multi object tracking radar technology plays an important role in traffic event detection due to its unique advantages, especially in detecting abnormal vehicle behavior and traffic congestion.

1、 Overview of Multi object Tracking Radar Technology

Multi object tracking radar is a radar system that can simultaneously monitor multiple moving targets, and currently smartmicro radar is the benchmark in this field. It determines the position, velocity, and other information of the object by emitting electromagnetic waves and receiving signals reflected back from the object . Compared with traditional single object radar, multi-object tracking radar can simultaneously process data from multiple targets, with higher efficiency and accuracy. In addition, this technology is not affected by weather conditions and can work normally in harsh conditions such as rain, snow, and fog, greatly improving the reliability and practicality of traffic monitoring systems.

The working principle of multi-object tracking radar is based on Doppler effect and phase difference ranging technology. The Doppler effect refers to the frequency change of the reflected radar wave when it encounters a moving object. By analyzing this frequency change, the velocity of the object can be calculated. Phase difference ranging technology determines the distance of a object by comparing the phase difference between the transmitted wave and the received wave. The combination of these two technologies enables multi-object tracking radar to achieve simultaneous monitoring and precise tracking of multiple objects.

2、 Vehicle abnormal behavior detection

2.1. Overspeed detection

Multi object tracking radar can monitor the speed of vehicles in real time. When it detects that a vehicle is speeding, it can immediately trigger an alarm and send relevant information to the traffic management department. This instant response mechanism helps to promptly stop speeding behavior and reduce traffic accidents caused by speeding. The high-precision characteristics of multi-object tracking radar make overspeed detection more accurate and reduce false alarm rates.

2.2. Violation lane change detection

By monitoring the driving trajectory of vehicles, multi-object tracking radar can identify behaviors of illegal lane changes. For example, when a vehicle changes lanes in an area where lane changing is prohibited, the system will automatically record and report such behavior to assist the traffic management department in imposing penalties and management. The high-resolution feature of the radar system enables accurate identification of lane changing violations even in high-density traffic flow.

2.3. Retrograde detection

Multi object tracking radar can monitor the direction of vehicle travel. When it detects that the vehicle is driving in the opposite direction, the system will immediately issue an alarm and notify relevant departments to take measures to avoid accidents. The reverse detection function not only helps maintain traffic order, but also timely reminds other drivers to pay attention to avoidance and reduce potential dangers.

2.4. Emergency lane occupancy detection

Multi object tracking radar can identify vehicles occupying emergency lanes, issue timely alerts, and record relevant data. This function helps ensure the smooth flow of emergency lanes and guarantee the smooth progress of emergency rescue work. The all-weather working capability of the radar system enables effective detection of emergency lane occupancy behavior even at night or in adverse weather conditions.

2.5. Pedestrian detection

Installing multi-object tracking radar near pedestrian crossings can monitor pedestrian movements in real-time and prevent potential safety hazards. When pedestrians are detected crossing the road, the system can remind passing vehicles to slow down and avoid, reducing the occurrence of traffic accidents. The pedestrian detection function not only improves the safety of pedestrians, but also enhances the intelligence level of the entire transportation system.

3、 Traffic congestion detection

3.1. Monitoring of traffic density

Multi object tracking radar can monitor the traffic density of specific road sections in real time, and predict possible traffic congestion points by analyzing the number and distribution of vehicles. This early warning mechanism helps the traffic command center to make reasonable arrangements in advance and avoid traffic congestion. The high precision and resolution characteristics of radar systems make traffic density monitoring more accurate, providing reliable data support for traffic management.

3.2. Vehicle speed monitoring

By monitoring the speed changes of vehicles, multi-object tracking radar can identify the trend of traffic flow changes. When a significant decrease in vehicle speed is detected on a certain road section, the system will issue an alarm to prompt the traffic management department to take measures, such as adjusting signal timing, guiding vehicles to detour, etc., to alleviate traffic pressure. The vehicle speed monitoring function not only helps to detect traffic congestion in a timely manner, but also provides scientific basis for traffic optimization.

3.3. Traffic bottleneck identification

Multi object tracking radar can identify traffic bottleneck sections, which are areas where the vehicle’s speed is significantly lower than other sections. By analyzing these bottleneck road sections, traffic management departments can take targeted measures, such as adding lanes, optimizing traffic organization, etc., to improve road capacity. The traffic bottleneck recognition function helps to finely manage traffic flow and improve road utilization efficiency.

3.4. Accident scene inspection

When a traffic accident occurs, the multi-object tracking radar can quickly detect the accident scene and record relevant data. This feature helps traffic management departments respond quickly, dispatch rescue forces, and reduce the impact of accidents on traffic. The accident scene detection function not only improves the efficiency of emergency response, but also provides important evidence for accident investigation.